Consideration of Megara's strategic importance, which Thucydides consistently undervalues, may suggest further the possibility that the Megarian decrees were not the immediate cause of the war but the first blow in a war Pericles thought inevitable and that began in spring 431. If this is your first visit, be sure to In Pericles of Athens, Vincent Azoulay has offered humanity two valuable threads in one well-woven book. The upper classes certainly had no prejudice against foreign marriages; the lower classes may well have had more, and, on the whole, it is possible to view Pericles here as championing exclusivist tendencies against immigrants who might break down the fabric of Athenian society. To. 4 pages, 1969 words. “Just before the Peloponnesian War began, Pericles of Athens and King Archidamus of Sparta provided net assessments of the comparative strengths and weaknesses of the two sides. No obvious success counterbalanced the discomforts of war, and Pericles was deposed from office and fined. Pericles thought and acted swiftly. Interesting. That Pericles doubted the stability of the settlement and saw the need to develop an alternative basic strategy for Athens is shown by his immediate construction of a third Long Wall to improve the defenses of Athens and the port of Piraeus. The historian Thucydides admired him profoundly and refused to criticize him. Plutarch attributed to Pericles a desire to stimulate economic activity and employment in Athens, but these motives may be anachronistic and in actuality may not have influenced the voters very much. There was a break in tensions for the moment. But do you worry you might be lost for words? Athens and Sparta were both Greek city-states that…. Thucydides, obsessed with the power of intellect, takes little note of the need of a statesman to work hard, and it is Plutarch who provided the glimpses of a man who took no interest in his own estates, who was never seen on any road but that to the public offices, and who was only recalled to have gone to one social occasion, which he left early. If we look to the laws, they give equal 2. No source provides any background to this proposal; it is not even clear whether it was retrospective. It also resulted in the largest and most vibrant economy of any Greek polis - nobody else could even come close to fielding and equal army and navy … “Our constitution favors the many instead of the few. Was he trying to divert attention from personal attacks on himself and friends by making war? I know that, but I question why Athen did not develop an elite (not necessary as good as Spartan) amphious force to deep-strike Sparta territory?? The Athenian population had deep roots in the countryside, and great firmness was required to bring them to abandon their land to Spartan ravages without a fight. Well, here's your answer: a ready-made list of 50 strengths and weaknesses (with concrete, practical examples). As a result, the Peloponnesian war featured many battles where one side was forced to fight to the other side’s strengths. According to Pericles, what were the characteristics of Athenian democracy? Document A: Pericles 1. Who was Pericles? After the first campaigning season of the war, he had delivered the funeral speech over the fallen, which Thucydides reports at length. Tension grew as the decade progressed, particularly with regard to Corinth, Sparta's ally, whose interests conflicted more obviously with those of Athens. Perhaps, but how could Athenians not question Pericles "how can we win the war" during his long reign?? Thucydides, son of Melesias (not the historian) and a relative of Cimon, who had inherited some of his political support, denounced both the extravagance of the project and the immorality of using allied funds to finance it. Based on what you know about Pericles and how this speech was recorded, what are the strengths and weaknesses of this document as a source about Athens’s political system? Pericles was an Athenian General and soldier. Tribute was to continue, and Athens would draw heavily on the reserves of the alliance for a magnificent building program centred on the Acropolis. check out the. The only name associated with his early education is that of the musical theorist Damon, whose influence, it is said, was not just confined to music. Pericles is an average height gladiator with dark skin and long dreadlocks. If peace with Persia did not end the alliance, it may have ended the annual tribute paid to that treasury. He married her in his late 20s but, as they were incompatible, divorced her some 10 years later. Visual Strengths and Weaknesses SWOT Analysis For Cardiology Practice Qualitative and Quantitative Data Collection Q&A: Plutarch's 'Selection from the Life of Alexander the Great' Alexander the Great - War Studies Case studies, Descriptive Research, and Archival Research SWOT Analysis of General Motors culturally different groups Close to 50, he took Aspasia of Miletus into his house. He was soon reelected, but he took no new initiatives before his death in autumn 429. It was the strengths of these two societies that brought the ancient world to its heights in art, culture and with the defeat of the Persians, warfare. One of its weaknesses … The symbolism, although ambiguous, is most likely to be unfavourable. Weaknesses and Strengths of The Athens and Spartans Weaknesses of The Athenian Government Weaknesses of the Treatment of Woman and Slaves in the Athens Weaknesses of Athenian Education Strengths of the Treatment of Woman and Slaves in the Athens Strength's … This strategy, however, had marked political weaknesses. 2. As befits his gladiator class, he uses a sica and shield, though does not cover his face with a helmet. I wonder why Pericles developed a navy strategy without any mean; seriously, how did he want to win Pelopponessian War?? Ancient Athens had several weaknesses that eventually led to its downfall when the Macedonians conquered it in the 330s B.C.E. This strategy, however, had marked political weaknesses. He gave this speech for the fallen soldiers in the first year of the Peloponnesian War. Perhaps, Athens did have a similar starting position to Rome. In establishing one of these, Pericles engaged in his most admired campaign, the expulsion of barbarians from the Thracian Chersonese (Gallipoli). The middle-class army suffered in morale, and the living conditions of the lower classes, though they were allowed activity in the fleet, deteriorated in the overcrowded city. Nothing further is known until 463, when he unsuccessfully prosecuted Cimon, the leading general and statesman of the day, on a charge of having neglected a chance to conquer Macedonia; this implies that Pericles advocated an aggressive policy of expansion for Athens. The Spartans were superior on land, the Athenians supperior on the sea, it was a policy of non-engagment, sort of (but not really, but there are few other comparisons,) like the cold war. Weakness of Pericles' strategy. The obvious gift is image revealed in the weft of Pericles' life in Athens, balancing his strengths and weaknesses, his tendency to placate the populous and then to offer vision, his strategic thinking and his reactionary moments. Pericles argued that the allies were paying for their defense, and, if that was assured, Athens did not have to account for how the money was actually spent. He has a lean muscular body type suited for his fighting style, that of the thraex. Evaluate their projections." Knowledge of the life of Pericles derives largely from two sources. Expenditure on building had been counterbalanced by annual savings from the tribute, and enough capital had been reserved, he thought, for a long war, though expenditure turned out heavier than he could have calculated. Athens was, Thucydides says, in name a democracy but, in fact, governed by its first man. The city of Athens, however, was physically still much as it had been left by the Persian sack of 480, and its gods were inadequately housed. The outbreak of war among the Greek states in 459 put a premium on military talent, and Pericles' only recorded campaign in the next few years was a naval expedition in the Corinthian Gulf in 454, in which Athens defeated Achaea but failed to win more important objectives. was a conflict between the Athenian Empire and the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta that resulted in the end of the Golden Age of Athens. His account suffers from the fact that, 40 years younger, he had no firsthand knowledge of Pericles' early career; it suffers also from his approach, which concentrates exclusively on Pericles' intellectual capacity and his war leadership, omitting biographical details, which Thucydides thought irrelevant to his theme. Was he, it was asked, influenced by some private grievance of Aspasia? For Athens, the essential loss was that of Megara, which meant that a Spartan army could appear in Attica at any time. Whether to regain this tribute, or simply to assert Athenian leadership, Pericles summoned a conference of all Greek states to consider the questions of rebuilding the Greek temples destroyed by the Persians, the payment of sacrifices due to the gods for salvation, and the freedom of the seas. Of Reagan’s many strengths, four in particular enabled him to connect with the American people in almost magical and unassailable ways. They lived with great self confidence. This picture is softened somewhat by what is known of his personal life. Ancient Greece is known for its two rival city-states, Athens and Sparta. Sparta would not cooperate, but Pericles continued on the narrower basis of the Athenian alliance. Pericles is trying to encourage and raise the spirits of the citizens of Athens because according to him, they live in the greatest city on earth. This is why it is called a democracy. Discussing your strengths and weaknesses can be one of the most difficult parts of the job interview. It has been said that democracy is worst form of government except all those others forms that have been tried from time to time. By 433 the situation was serious enough for Athens' finances to be put on a war basis, and, thereafter, the drift to war continued. At the time, the Athenians were the top naval power in the ancient world, and the Spartans were the premier land fighting force. The Peloponnesian War was fought over land and sea. There was domestic criticism, however. Pericles met the situation in part by extending a network of Athenian settlements throughout what may now be called the empire, thus strengthening Athenian control and providing new land for the growing Athenian population. His achievements included … condition favors many instead of few people, social class is not allowed with talent, if a man is able to serve in the military, he is not stopped by the important … Although Aspasia is clouded by scandal and legend, it is easy to believe she possessed great charm and intelligence. This is essentially Thucydides' analysis, though he failed to explain what end to the war, other than a stalemate, Pericles wanted or expected. Evaluate their projections.” are the strengths and weaknesses of this document as a source about Athens's political system? Pericles GMAT preparation materials contain original materials, written by our professors, geared specifically to the strengths and weaknesses of Russian students. In 447 work started on the temple later known as the Parthenon and on the gold and ivory statue of Athena (by Phidias), which it was to house; the Acropolis project was to include, among other things, a temple to Victory and the Propylaea (started 437), the entrance gateway, far grander and more expensive than any previous Greek secular building. He is covered in what appears to be tattooed markings around his face and body. They created the theory of “constitutional cycles”, analysing the strengths and weaknesses of each form of government, and trying to understand how and why constitutional change occurred. Pericles weakness was his relationship with his family especially his sons, as they sued him in court once. What Are the Strengths and Weaknesses of Athenian Democracy? Athenian life often fell short of this Periclean ideal, but he conceived it with clarity and made it generally recognized. 5 If one assumes athens was a sated power, then there is some sense in describing its strategy as an A correct assessment is vital for understanding Pericles, but explanations vary considerably; some argue that Pericles was merely forging a low-level political weapon for use against Cimon, who had a foreign mother. There is no reason to doubt that she was free and of good birth in her own city with its great intellectual traditions. Filed Under: Term Papers. You may be asking yourself: How can I come up with some really convincing strengths and weaknesses? The law also may have passed because of a general wish to restrict access to the benefits of office and public distributions, but there was never any disposition on the part of Athenians to restrict economic opportunities for foreignerswho served in the fleet, worked on public buildings, and had freedom of trade and investment, with the crucial, but normal, exception of land and houses. Though Athenian democracy never gave more than severely limited powers to the executive, the assembly gave Pericles what he wanted. A more serious crisis came in 447 or 446, however, when the cities of Boeotia, under Athenian control since 458, beat a small Athenian army and successfully revolted. Pericles, Athenian statesman largely responsible for the full development, in the later 5th century bce, of both the Athenian democracy and the Athenian empire, making Athens the political and cultural focus of Greece. By his own law, marriage was impossible, and, after the death of his two legitimate sons, their son Pericles had to be legitimated.
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