Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Definition: Form of contract labor that binds employees to work for specified periods of time, usually in satisfaction of debts Significance: During the colonial period of British North America, a high proportion of British working-class immigrants to the American colonies came as indentured servants. These individuals were bound by the contracts signed with their employers. Prior to 1838, the institution of slavery provided a labor source on plantations throughout the British West Indies. Define indentured servitude. Indentured labour synonyms, Indentured labour pronunciation, Indentured labour translation, English dictionary definition of Indentured labour. Historically, an indentured servant or indentured laborer was a man who took out a loan, most often to pay for the cost of his transportation to a job location: In some societies indentured servants probably differed little from debt slaves (i.e., persons who initially were unable to pay off obligations and thus were forced to work…. a term applied to someone who would be contracted to work for a master for a set amount of time in exchange for their passage to the colonies How many immigrants came to America as an indentured servant? Define indentured learner. means a person, other than an apprentice, who is bound by a written contract to serve an employer for a determined period of less than four years with a view to acquiring knowledge of a trade in which the employer is reciprocally bound to instruct that person; Indenture of James Bracken. Indentured servants willingly enter an agreement to work for a specific period of time, up to six years or longer if there is a breach of contract, in exchange for something such as land. A large landed estate worked by tenant farmers and servants was rare; the typical New England farm was modest in size and the owner's family typically provided the labor to work it. At its simplest, an indenture is an agreement that declares benefits and obligations between two or more parties. Indentured Servants, Indentured servitude was an important form of labor utilized in British North America during the colonial and early national periods. A person under contract to work for another person for a definite period of time, usually without pay but in exchange for free passage to a new country. As early as 1870, about one-fourth of the total population consisted of Indo-Trinidadians. "Report of the Indian Immigrants Commission: 1885-1887" in Documents of, The personal stories provide additional value that deepen our understanding of, Convicts and political prisoners arrived after the middle of the nineteenth century along with workers who came under an unregulated system of. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Abstract. The Indian indenture system was a system of indentured servitude, by which more than one million Indians were transported to labour in European colonies, as a substitute for slave labour, following the abolition of the trade in the early 19th century. Indentured servants were men and women who signed a contract (also known as an indenture or a covenant) by which they agreed to work for a certain number of years in exchange for transportation to Virginia and, once they arrived, food, clothing, and shelter. Places where indentured servitude at the countries to labor in their lives indenture if workers influenced with typical terms. What are synonyms for indentured? (adjective) Words near unindentured in the Dictionary Its subjects were western European (mainly British) males and females. https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Indentured+labour. Another word for indentured. (in the past) to officially agree that someone, often a young person, will work for someone…. Slavery and Indentured Servitude in the American Colonies Created Dec. 17, 2018 by user Saylor Academy. Definition of indenture. It was widely employed in the 18th century in the British colonies in North America and elsewhere. In some societies indentured servants probably differed little from debt slaves (i.e., persons who initially were unable to pay off obligations and thus were forced to work…, Indentured labour, one form of contract labour, was common in North America in colonial times. (formerly) a deed drawn up in duplicate, each part having correspondingly indented edges for identification and security. Other immigrants came to Trinidad after 1838 from the smaller British…. Indentured servitude was the well developed system of bondage labor fueling the Virginia planter economy at the time. This article reinterprets the political and cultural underpinnings of post-slavery indentured labour migration in the British empire. such a person who came to America during the colonial period. Focusing on the early period of emancipation, it explains how and why indenture transformed in public debates from an unnatural scandal into a legitimate form of free labor. Indentured labour is the phrase used to describe the semi-slavery where some are bound to work for a time for others, often to pay off the debt of their passage. It is instructive to consider one prevalent system of debt slavery as a means of identifying the…, …and slaves were replaced by indentured labourers from India. The majority of Indian South Africans are the descendants of indentured workers brought to Natal between 1860 and 1911 to develop the sugar industry in this province.. A complete list of Indian Indentured Labourers can be searched by: name, village, region of origin, religion, caste, names of Estates or Estate owners. Bound laborers… Plantations, Tobacco has been one of the major plantation crops of the Americas. the British Empire. indentured servant. Indentured Servants In The U.S. Indentured servants first arrived in America in the decade following the settlement of Jamestown by the Virginia Company in 1607. Synonyms for indentured in Free Thesaurus. hacienda. (2) : a formal or official document usually executed in two or more copies. What does unindentured mean? (3) : a contract binding one … They were mainly English, along with some Scotch and Irish, and in general bound themselves, in return for transportation and support, to work without wages for four to six…, Examples of debt slavery, indentured servitude, peonage, and other forms of forced labour exist around the world and throughout history, but the boundaries between them can be difficult to define (see slavery). indenture definition: 1. any deed, contract, or sealed agreement between two or more parties. On the one hand: slaves, sharecroppers, convicts, day workers, debt peonage, (26) Other essays explore the range of freedom and unfreedom historically experienced by workers across the globe: from coerced military workers and seamen (Niklas Frykman and Peter Way) to the inescapable importance of slave and, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Planting Empire, Cultivating Subjects: British Malaya, 1786-1941, President to visit Greece, Suriname and Cuba, Philippines, Kuwait to sign labour pact on Friday, India to hold conference of Indian origin parliamentarians, Contesting "white slavery" in the Caribbean: enslaved Africans and European indentured servants in seventeenth-century Barbados, "The Coolies Here" exploring the construction of an Indian "race" in South Africa, The pearl frontier: Indonesian labor and indigenous encounters in Australia's northern trading network, Indians in Singapore, 1819-1945: Diaspora in the colonial port city, LEO PLEDGE TO SCRAP HATED JOBS SCHEME; Minister praised for vowing to replace 'ScamBridge', Marcel van der Linden and Karl Heinz Roth, eds., Beyond Marx: Theorising the Global Labour Relations of the Twenty-First Century, Modi seeks stronger ties with Fiji; announces $70m credit line. Most White laborers that came from England were indentured servants, and lived in Maryland and Virginia. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/topic/indentured-labour, American colonies: Land policy in New England and Virginia, Mauritius: Early history and colonial administration, Southern Africa: The Republic of Natalia and the British colony of Natal. Indentured servant definition is - a person who signs and is bound by indentures to work for another for a specified time especially in return for payment of travel expenses and maintenance. Not indentured. Besides a free passage to the New World, the servants used to get boa… large, self-sufficient farming estates run by Spanish colonists. In colonial New England, two-thirds of adult males owned their own farm. Historically it was used to pay for apprenticeships—an apprentice agreed to work for free for a master to learn a trade (similar to a modern internship, but for a fixed lenth of time usually seven years). Indentured Servants in Colonial Virginia. Indian … A person became an indentured servant by borrowing money and then voluntarily agreeing to work off the debt during a specified term. During the 17th century, people worked under a contract with their employers for a fixed number of years without any pay, all this in exchange for a free passage to the New World. This paper will examine the mechanisms within the indentured system that ensured the planters control and domination of Asian laborers or “coolie”1 labor in the British colony of British Guiana. Its subjects were western European (mainly British) males and females. Some of the contracts were similar to apprenticeships, while the terms of others were harsh—usually imposed … …century the planters preferred white indentured servants to African slaves, and for a time as many as 1,500 arrived every year. Almost certainly, these first Africans would have been enrolled in … During the seventeenth century most of the white laborers in Maryland and Virginia came from England as indentured servants. - increased demand for coerced labor - indentured servitude - chattel slavery - encomienda and hacienda systems - Spanish adaptation of the Inca Mit'a system. 'Indenture': labour for … Contract labour, the labour of workers whose freedom is restricted by the terms of a contractual relation and by laws that make such arrangements permissible and enforceable. reasons for new political and economic elite groups. Antonyms for indentured. The employers required their servants to work for a period of around 4 to 7 years. indentured definition apush questions and contrast with a bond. The term indenture primarily describes secured contracts and has several applications in U.S. law. Some of the contracts were similar to apprenticeships, while the terms of others were harsh—usually imposed on criminals whose sentences…. Contributed by Brendan Wolfe and Martha McCartney. such a person who came to America during the colonial period. 3 synonyms for indentured: apprenticed, articled, bound. Indentured servitude is a form of labor, sometimes involuntary, in which a person who took out a loan (an indenture) agrees to work without salary for the lender for a specific number of years. Forced or indentured child labor means all work or service-- Exacted from any person under the age of 18 under the menace of any penalty for its nonperformance and for which the worker does not offer himself voluntarily; orPerformed by any person under the age of 18 pursuant to a contract the enforcement of which can be accomplished by process or penalties. Chinese miners, who would mostly return home by 1910, performed only certain tasks, but their employment set a precedent for a statutory colour bar in the gold mines. By the last decades of the 19th century, however, a land…, …importation of some 60,000 Chinese indentured labourers when Black migrants resisted wage cuts. The original Trinidadian Indian inhabitants had by then virtually disappeared. Indentured labour, one form of contract labour, was common in North America in colonial times. a person who is bound to work for another for a specified period of time, esp. The indentured apprenticeship is an ancient system of on-the-job training going back to the guilds of the Middle Ages. (often plural) a contract between an apprentice and his master. The country’s modern-day Indo-Pakistani population stems from this program of replacing slavery with indentured servitude (deemed Britain’s “Great Experiment”); by the time it ended in the 1920s, almost a half million indentured labourers had come from India to work on the…, …successfully for the first time, indentured labour had to be brought from India to do the arduous work, because Africans—many of whom still had their own land and cattle—refused to work for the low wages offered on the plantations. n. a person who is bound to work for another for a specified period of time, esp. Learn more. Although this experiment provoked political outcries in the Transvaal…, In 1845 the immigration of indentured workers from the Indian subcontinent began; it continued until 1917. indentured workers sought to escape poverty and famines that were a frequent occurrence during the period of British colonial rule in India Usually a laborer or craftsman would have to work three to seven years in exchange for the cost of transportation across the ocean, food, clothing, land, a place to live and other things they needed to live or work during their contract. 199) over Tamil workforces even after the formal end of, Most of these Indian-origin people are descendants of, According to Bello it had been agreed that the agreement will contain a contract of employment template that could be used for other countries importing, He said that there are four segments of the Indian diaspora: the diaspora in the Gulf numbering around 8.5 million; older diaspora who went as, Sugar and White Servitude: An Analysis of, (36.) …option arose for the dispossessed: indentured servitude, a form of contract labour in which transport to a colony and several years’ room and board were exchanged for work; petty criminals were soon disposed of through this method as well. Indentured servitudewas a labor system where people paid for their passage to the New World by working for an employer for a certain number of years. The system expanded after the abolition of slavery in the British Empire in 1833, in the French colonies in 1848, and in the Dutch Empire in 1863. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. An indentured servant was a worker in a contract with an employer for a certain length of time. (Entry 1 of 2) 1 a (1) : a document or a section of a document that is indented. The essence of the contract labourer’s obligation is his surrender for a specified period of the freedom to quit his work and his employer. A History Of Indentured Labor Gives 'Coolie' Its Sting : Code Switch Although the slur today is used mostly in the context of the Caribbean, in the … Find more ways to say indentured, along with related words, antonyms and example phrases at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. This kind of contract was called "indenture." Later it was also used as a way for a person, to pay the cost of transportation to colonies in the Americas. The contract of an indentured servant can be sold to an interested third party, but the servant is not considered property of the contract holder. In bankruptcy law, for example, it is a mortgage or deed of trust that constitutes a …
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